[PATCH v8 04/16] sched/core: uclamp: Add system default clamps

[Patrick Bellasi]

Tasks without a user-defined clamp value are considered not clamped
and by default their utilization can have any value in the
[0..SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE] range.

Tasks with a user-defined clamp value are allowed to request any value
in that range, and the required clamp is unconditionally enforced.
However, a "System Management Software" could be interested in limiting
the range of clamp values allowed for all tasks.

Add a privileged interface to define a system default configuration via:

  /proc/sys/kernel/sched_uclamp_util_{min,max}

which works as an unconditional clamp range restriction for all tasks.

With the default configuration, the full SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE range of
values is allowed for each clamp index. Otherwise, the task-specific
clamp is capped by the corresponding system default value.

Do that by tracking, for each task, the "effective" clamp value and
bucket the task has been refcounted in at enqueue time. This
allows to lazy aggregate "requested" and "system default" values at
enqueue time and simplifies refcounting updates at dequeue time.

The cached bucket ids are used to avoid (relatively) more expensive
integer divisions every time a task is enqueued.

An active flag is used to report when the "effective" value is valid and
thus the task is actually refcounted in the corresponding rq's bucket.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Bellasi <patrick.bellasi@xxxxxxx>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>

---
Changes in v8:
 Message-ID: <20190313201010.GU2482@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
 - add "requested" values uclamp_se instance beside the existing
   "effective" values instance
 - rename uclamp_effective_{get,assign}() into uclamp_eff_{get,set}()
 - make uclamp_eff_get() return the new "effective" values by copy
Message-ID: <20190318125844.ajhjpaqlcgxn7qkq@e110439-lin>
 - run uclamp_fork() code independently from the class being supported.
   Resetting active flag is not harmful and following patches will add
   other code which still needs to be executed independently from class
   support.
Message-ID: <20190313201342.GV2482@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
 - add sysctl_sched_uclamp_handler()'s internal mutex to serialize
   concurrent usages
---
 include/linux/sched.h        |  10 +++
 include/linux/sched/sysctl.h |  11 +++
 kernel/sched/core.c          | 131 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 kernel/sysctl.c              |  16 +++++
 4 files changed, 167 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/sched.h b/include/linux/sched.h
index 0c0dd7aac8e9..d8491954e2e1 100644
--- a/include/linux/sched.h
+++ b/include/linux/sched.h
@@ -584,14 +584,21 @@ struct sched_dl_entity {
  * Utilization clamp for a scheduling entity
  * @value:		clamp value "assigned" to a se
  * @bucket_id:		bucket index corresponding to the "assigned" value
+ * @active:		the se is currently refcounted in a rq's bucket
  *
  * The bucket_id is the index of the clamp bucket matching the clamp value
  * which is pre-computed and stored to avoid expensive integer divisions from
  * the fast path.
+ *
+ * The active bit is set whenever a task has got an "effective" value assigned,
+ * which can be different from the clamp value "requested" from user-space.
+ * This allows to know a task is refcounted in the rq's bucket corresponding
+ * to the "effective" bucket_id.
  */
 struct uclamp_se {
 	unsigned int value		: bits_per(SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE);
 	unsigned int bucket_id		: bits_per(UCLAMP_BUCKETS);
+	unsigned int active		: 1;
 };
 #endif /* CONFIG_UCLAMP_TASK */
 
@@ -676,6 +683,9 @@ struct task_struct {
 	struct sched_dl_entity		dl;
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_UCLAMP_TASK
+	/* Clamp values requested for a scheduling entity */
+	struct uclamp_se		uclamp_req[UCLAMP_CNT];
+	/* Effective clamp values used for a scheduling entity */
 	struct uclamp_se		uclamp[UCLAMP_CNT];
 #endif
 
diff --git a/include/linux/sched/sysctl.h b/include/linux/sched/sysctl.h
index 99ce6d728df7..d4f6215ee03f 100644
--- a/include/linux/sched/sysctl.h
+++ b/include/linux/sched/sysctl.h
@@ -56,6 +56,11 @@ int sched_proc_update_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
 extern unsigned int sysctl_sched_rt_period;
 extern int sysctl_sched_rt_runtime;
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_UCLAMP_TASK
+extern unsigned int sysctl_sched_uclamp_util_min;
+extern unsigned int sysctl_sched_uclamp_util_max;
+#endif
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH
 extern unsigned int sysctl_sched_cfs_bandwidth_slice;
 #endif
@@ -75,6 +80,12 @@ extern int sched_rt_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
 		void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp,
 		loff_t *ppos);
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_UCLAMP_TASK
+extern int sysctl_sched_uclamp_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
+				       void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp,
+				       loff_t *ppos);
+#endif
+
 extern int sysctl_numa_balancing(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
 				 void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp,
 				 loff_t *ppos);
diff --git a/kernel/sched/core.c b/kernel/sched/core.c
index 046f61d33f00..d368ac26b8aa 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/core.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/core.c
@@ -733,6 +733,14 @@ static void set_load_weight(struct task_struct *p, bool update_load)
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_UCLAMP_TASK
+/* Max allowed minimum utilization */
+unsigned int sysctl_sched_uclamp_util_min = SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE;
+
+/* Max allowed maximum utilization */
+unsigned int sysctl_sched_uclamp_util_max = SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE;
+
+/* All clamps are required to be less or equal than these values */
+static struct uclamp_se uclamp_default[UCLAMP_CNT];
 
 /* Integer rounded range for each bucket */
 #define UCLAMP_BUCKET_DELTA DIV_ROUND_CLOSEST(SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE, UCLAMP_BUCKETS)
@@ -801,6 +809,52 @@ unsigned int uclamp_rq_max_value(struct rq *rq, unsigned int clamp_id,
 	return uclamp_idle_value(rq, clamp_id, clamp_value);
 }
 
+/*
+ * The effective clamp bucket index of a task depends on, by increasing
+ * priority:
+ * - the task specific clamp value, when explicitly requested from userspace
+ * - the system default clamp value, defined by the sysadmin
+ */
+static inline struct uclamp_se
+uclamp_eff_get(struct task_struct *p, unsigned int clamp_id)
+{
+	struct uclamp_se uc_req = p->uclamp_req[clamp_id];
+	struct uclamp_se uc_max = uclamp_default[clamp_id];
+
+	/* System default restrictions always apply */
+	if (unlikely(uc_req.value > uc_max.value))
+		return uc_max;
+
+	return uc_req;
+}
+
+static inline unsigned int
+uclamp_eff_bucket_id(struct task_struct *p, unsigned int clamp_id)
+{
+	struct uclamp_se uc_eff;
+
+	/* Task currently refcounted: use back-annotated (effective) bucket */
+	if (p->uclamp[clamp_id].active)
+		return p->uclamp[clamp_id].bucket_id;
+
+	uc_eff = uclamp_eff_get(p, clamp_id);
+
+	return uc_eff.bucket_id;
+}
+
+unsigned int uclamp_eff_value(struct task_struct *p, unsigned int clamp_id)
+{
+	struct uclamp_se uc_eff;
+
+	/* Task currently refcounted: use back-annotated (effective) value */
+	if (p->uclamp[clamp_id].active)
+		return p->uclamp[clamp_id].value;
+
+	uc_eff = uclamp_eff_get(p, clamp_id);
+
+	return uc_eff.value;
+}
+
 /*
  * When a task is enqueued on a rq, the clamp bucket currently defined by the
  * task's uclamp::bucket_id is refcounted on that rq. This also immediately
@@ -818,8 +872,12 @@ static inline void uclamp_rq_inc_id(struct task_struct *p, struct rq *rq,
 	struct uclamp_se *uc_se = &p->uclamp[clamp_id];
 	struct uclamp_bucket *bucket;
 
+	/* Update task effective clamp */
+	p->uclamp[clamp_id] = uclamp_eff_get(p, clamp_id);
+
 	bucket = &uc_rq->bucket[uc_se->bucket_id];
 	bucket->tasks++;
+	uc_se->active = true;
 
 	uclamp_idle_reset(rq, clamp_id, uc_se->value);
 
@@ -856,6 +914,7 @@ static inline void uclamp_rq_dec_id(struct task_struct *p, struct rq *rq,
 	SCHED_WARN_ON(!bucket->tasks);
 	if (likely(bucket->tasks))
 		bucket->tasks--;
+	uc_se->active = false;
 
 	/*
 	 * Keep "local max aggregation" simple and accept to (possibly)
@@ -909,8 +968,69 @@ static inline void uclamp_rq_dec(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
 		uclamp_rq_dec_id(p, rq, clamp_id);
 }
 
+int sysctl_sched_uclamp_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
+				void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp,
+				loff_t *ppos)
+{
+	int old_min, old_max;
+	static DEFINE_MUTEX(mutex);
+	int result;
+
+	mutex_lock(&mutex);
+	old_min = sysctl_sched_uclamp_util_min;
+	old_max = sysctl_sched_uclamp_util_max;
+
+	result = proc_dointvec(table, write, buffer, lenp, ppos);
+	if (result)
+		goto undo;
+	if (!write)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (sysctl_sched_uclamp_util_min > sysctl_sched_uclamp_util_max ||
+	    sysctl_sched_uclamp_util_max > SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE) {
+		result = -EINVAL;
+		goto undo;
+	}
+
+	if (old_min != sysctl_sched_uclamp_util_min) {
+		uclamp_default[UCLAMP_MIN].value =
+			sysctl_sched_uclamp_util_min;
+		uclamp_default[UCLAMP_MIN].bucket_id =
+			uclamp_bucket_id(sysctl_sched_uclamp_util_min);
+	}
+	if (old_max != sysctl_sched_uclamp_util_max) {
+		uclamp_default[UCLAMP_MAX].value =
+			sysctl_sched_uclamp_util_max;
+		uclamp_default[UCLAMP_MAX].bucket_id =
+			uclamp_bucket_id(sysctl_sched_uclamp_util_max);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Updating all the RUNNABLE task is expensive, keep it simple and do
+	 * just a lazy update at each next enqueue time.
+	 */
+	goto done;
+
+undo:
+	sysctl_sched_uclamp_util_min = old_min;
+	sysctl_sched_uclamp_util_max = old_max;
+done:
+	mutex_unlock(&mutex);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+static void uclamp_fork(struct task_struct *p)
+{
+	unsigned int clamp_id;
+
+	for (clamp_id = 0; clamp_id < UCLAMP_CNT; ++clamp_id)
+		p->uclamp[clamp_id].active = false;
+}
+
 static void __init init_uclamp(void)
 {
+	struct uclamp_se uc_max = {};
 	unsigned int clamp_id;
 	int cpu;
 
@@ -920,16 +1040,23 @@ static void __init init_uclamp(void)
 	}
 
 	for (clamp_id = 0; clamp_id < UCLAMP_CNT; ++clamp_id) {
-		struct uclamp_se *uc_se = &init_task.uclamp[clamp_id];
+		struct uclamp_se *uc_se = &init_task.uclamp_req[clamp_id];
 
 		uc_se->value = uclamp_none(clamp_id);
 		uc_se->bucket_id = uclamp_bucket_id(uc_se->value);
 	}
+
+	/* System defaults allow max clamp values for both indexes */
+	uc_max.value = uclamp_none(UCLAMP_MAX);
+	uc_max.bucket_id = uclamp_bucket_id(uc_max.value);
+	for (clamp_id = 0; clamp_id < UCLAMP_CNT; ++clamp_id)
+		uclamp_default[clamp_id] = uc_max;
 }
 
 #else /* CONFIG_UCLAMP_TASK */
 static inline void uclamp_rq_inc(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p) { }
 static inline void uclamp_rq_dec(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p) { }
+static inline void uclamp_fork(struct task_struct *p) { }
 static inline void init_uclamp(void) { }
 #endif /* CONFIG_UCLAMP_TASK */
 
@@ -2530,6 +2657,8 @@ int sched_fork(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *p)
 	 */
 	p->prio = current->normal_prio;
 
+	uclamp_fork(p);
+
 	/*
 	 * Revert to default priority/policy on fork if requested.
 	 */
diff --git a/kernel/sysctl.c b/kernel/sysctl.c
index 987ae08147bf..72277f09887d 100644
--- a/kernel/sysctl.c
+++ b/kernel/sysctl.c
@@ -446,6 +446,22 @@ static struct ctl_table kern_table[] = {
 		.mode		= 0644,
 		.proc_handler	= sched_rr_handler,
 	},
+#ifdef CONFIG_UCLAMP_TASK
+	{
+		.procname	= "sched_uclamp_util_min",
+		.data		= &sysctl_sched_uclamp_util_min,
+		.maxlen		= sizeof(unsigned int),
+		.mode		= 0644,
+		.proc_handler	= sysctl_sched_uclamp_handler,
+	},
+	{
+		.procname	= "sched_uclamp_util_max",
+		.data		= &sysctl_sched_uclamp_util_max,
+		.maxlen		= sizeof(unsigned int),
+		.mode		= 0644,
+		.proc_handler	= sysctl_sched_uclamp_handler,
+	},
+#endif
 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_AUTOGROUP
 	{
 		.procname	= "sched_autogroup_enabled",
-- 
2.20.1